Stage 1
1. Build the AI fluency spine
Understand what models compute, how cost and latency shape a product, and how to direct AI coding tools with precise prompts, context, and machine-usable output.
- What a language model actually computes
- Context engineering
- Provider abstraction and model selection
Stage 2
2. Ground answers in real data
Move from impressive demos to systems that can retrieve, cite, and explain the data behind an answer, while recognising when retrieval is failing.
- Embeddings and vector search
- Retrieval-augmented generation end to end
- Fine-tuning, retrieval, or prompting
Stage 3
3. Build tool-using systems safely
Use tools, protocols, memory, and orchestration to make an AI system do useful work without treating autonomy as a substitute for engineering judgment.
- Tool use and function calling
- Model Context Protocol
- Multi-agent patterns
Stage 4
4. Make production behaviour observable
Evaluate outputs, detect hallucinations, apply guardrails, and instrument AI systems so a team can understand and improve them after release.
- Evaluation suites
- Hallucination detection and containment
- Security for AI systems
Stage 5
5. Ship inside an existing codebase
Apply the spine to unfamiliar repositories: direct AI coding tools at real work, integrate a feature, and reason through what changes when it misbehaves in production.
- Directing AI coding tools at real work
- Getting productive in an unfamiliar codebase
- Working forward-deployed
Stage 6
6. Produce evidence of the work
Finish a grounded, tool-using feature and turn the engineering decisions, trade-offs, and results into evidence you can discuss with a hiring team or client.
- Capstone: ship a grounded, tool-using feature
- Turning the build into evidence